Mozambique

Water storage tank, Natite, Pemba.

Open sewerage in Mafalala, Mafalala, Maputo.

Contentor de lixo, Cariacó, Pemba.

Kitchen water storage, Mafalala, Maputo.

Water storage tank, Cariacó, Pemba.

Water collection from communal tap. Natite, Pemba.

Water storage tank, Alto-Gingone, Pemba.

Between 2014 and 2015 various outbreaks of dengue were reported in Mozambique. High percentages of Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that most effectively transmits dengue, were found in some of the country’s cities (Higa et al., 2015; Kampango & Abílio, 2016). Climate change might increase the likelihood of mosquito-borne diseases in new areas and, most importantly, dengue tends to spread in the context of unequal urbanization (Githeko, Lindsay, Confalonieri, & Patz, 2000; Hunter, 2003). Density of population, intermittent water supply, and deficient solid waste collection facilitate the increase of Aedes aegypti mosquito populations. Poor water services have translated into water storage practices which provide the clean aquatic environment required by the Ae. Aegypti to lay its eggs.

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Entre 2014 e 2015, vários surtos de dengue foram relatados em Moçambique. As percentagens elevadas de Aedes aegypti, o mosquito que transmite mais eficazmente a dengue, foram encontradas em algumas cidades do país (Higa et al., 2015; Kampango & Abílio, 2016). As mudanças climáticas podem aumentar a probabilidade de doenças transmitidas por mosquitos em novas áreas e, o mais importante, a dengue tende a se espalhar no contexto de uma urbanização desigual (Githeko, Lindsay, Confalonieri e Patz, 2000, Hunter, 2003). A densidade da população, o abastecimento de água intermitente e a redução de resíduos sólidos facilitam o aumento das populações de mosquitos Aedes aegypti. Os serviços de águas insuficiente traduziram-se em práticas de armazenamento de água que fornecem o ambiente aquático limpo exigido pelo Aedes aegypti para pôr seus ovos.

References

Githeko, A., Lindsay, S., Confalonieri, U., & Patz, J. (2000). Climate change and vector-borne diseases: a regional analysis. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78(9), 1136-1147.

Higa et al. (2015). Abundant Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti aegypti mosquitoes in the 2014 dengue outbreak area of Mozambique. Tropical Medicine and Health, [Advance Publication] Released 2015/01/19.

Hunter, P. R. (2003). Climate change and waterborne and vector-borne disease. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 94, 38S-46S.

Kampango, A., & Abílio, A. P. (2016). The Asian tiger hunts in Maputo city—the first confirmed report of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1895) in Mozambique. Parasites & vectors, 9(1), 76.